Multifaceted Impacts of Environmental Pollution on Human Health: Respiratory, Cardiovascular, and Mental Disorders Amid Socioeconomic Disparities

Authors

  • Samira Saheli * Health Clinical Sciences Research Center, Zahedan branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.48313/bic.vi.45

Abstract

In recent decades, rapid urbanization, industrial growth, extensive use of fossil fuels, and climate change have markedly increased environmental pollution worldwide. Air, water, soil, noise, and light pollution threaten both the environment and human health, acting as key, often hidden factors in chronic, debilitating, and fatal diseases, especially among vulnerable populations. Despite advances in environmental and public health sciences, gaps remain in understanding pollution sources, exposure pathways, and health outcomes. Countermeasures also require review and strengthening. This study aims to comprehensively examine the impacts of various environmental pollutions on human health, analyze physical and psychological consequences, and review effective policies and technologies for mitigation through a systematic literature review. This review study involved structured searches in reputable databases to explore the health consequences of environmental pollution and potential countermeasures. Environmental pollution exerts profound, multifaceted effects on public health. Air pollution is linked to higher risks of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, cancer, and dementia. Water and soil pollution contribute to renal failure, hormonal disorders, chronic poisoning, and certain cancers. Noise and light pollution are associated with sleep disturbances, anxiety, hypertension, and cognitive decline. Climate change exacerbates these issues and increases the emergence of diseases and environmental migration. These findings highlight the need for global preventive measures, effective policymaking, and the development of clean technologies. Environmental pollution represents a major contemporary public health challenge due to its widespread physical, psychological, and long-term impacts on quality of life and healthcare systems. Effective mitigation requires integrated environmental policymaking, public education, technological innovation, and international cooperation. Prioritizing inseparable human and environmental health in development programs is essential to prevent health inequalities and enhance societal resilience.           

Keywords:

Environmental pollution, Public health, Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Climate change, Health impacts

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Published

2025-08-21

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Biocompounds

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Saheli, S. . (2025). Multifaceted Impacts of Environmental Pollution on Human Health: Respiratory, Cardiovascular, and Mental Disorders Amid Socioeconomic Disparities. Biocompounds, 2(3), 168-177. https://doi.org/10.48313/bic.vi.45