Bioceramics for Orthopedic and Dental Applications: Materials, Performance, and Challenges

Authors

  • Vahideh Lahooti Department of Dentistry, Gilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
  • Ayda Nikzad * Department of Chemistry, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.48313/bic.vi.39

Abstract

Bioceramics play a pivotal role in the reconstruction of orthopedic and dental hard tissues due to their optimized mechanical performance, chemical stability, and tunable biointeractivity. These materials are traditionally categorized into three major classes: bioinert, bioactive, and bioresorbable, each exhibiting distinct functional characteristics derived from their crystallographic structure and surface properties. Their clinical utility spans from enabling long-term osseointegration to serving as temporary scaffolds that support tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, inherent limitations, including structural brittleness, elastic modulus mismatch with native bone, and challenges in achieving precise control over in vivo degradation kinetics, continue to constrain their performance. To overcome these limitations, recent technological advancements have focused on developing mechanically enhanced nanocomposites, implementing nanoscale surface engineering to improve cellular responses, designing stimuli-responsive “smart” ceramics, and leveraging additive manufacturing (3D printing) to fabricate patient-specific implants with optimized microarchitectures. Future research directions include creating multifunctional bioceramic systems, synchronizing degradation profiles with host tissue regeneration dynamics, and integrating advanced Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) within bioceramic matrices. The overarching goal is to engineer next-generation bioceramics that exhibit superior regenerative potential and highly predictable biological integration, ultimately improving their long-term clinical efficacy.

Keywords:

Bioceramics, Biomaterials, Surface engineering, Orthopedic implants, Dental implants

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Published

2025-06-23

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Biocompounds

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Lahooti, V. ., & Nikzad, A. (2025). Bioceramics for Orthopedic and Dental Applications: Materials, Performance, and Challenges. Biocompounds, 2(2), 116-127. https://doi.org/10.48313/bic.vi.39